What Is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) happens when a small amount of fluid accumulates in the pituitary gland, also called an ovarian cyst, and continues to expand into all parts of the body. A thin wall of cells called follicles begins to grow out and make healthy blood. Eventually, these follicles give way to the fluid that has accumulated as septage throughout the entire ovary, or "pockets" filled with it. This fluid then travels through the lower portion of the fallopian tube and is excreted by uterine contraction, causing a woman's body to become bloated and painful. The symptoms of PCOS often appear around age 40 or older, but it is possible for women younger than 40 to develop the condition when they are pregnant or during puberty, usually starting between 20 – and 30 years of age. Symptoms in Women Under 40s: If you have PCOS (and you have a medical provider who has not received a letter about this), you likely don't even notice...